The words, in plain language

AI systemArt. 3(1)

A machine-based system that infers, from the input it receives, how to generate outputs such as predictions, content, recommendations or decisions that can influence the physical or virtual world.

For example: A chatbot, a CV screener or an image generator. A spreadsheet macro that follows fixed rules is usually not one.

ProviderArt. 3(3)

Whoever develops an AI system, or has one developed, and offers it under their own name or trademark, for payment or free of charge.

For example: A software company that adds an AI assistant to its product and sells it. Putting your own name on someone else's AI tool also makes you the provider.

DeployerArt. 3(4)

Whoever uses an AI system under their own authority, except for purely personal, non-professional use.

For example: A company that uses ChatGPT or a vendor's CV screener in its own business.

High-risk AIArt. 6, Annex III

AI used in the areas Annex III lists, such as hiring, education, credit scoring or critical infrastructure, unless it does only a narrow or preparatory job and does not materially influence the outcome. Profiling of people is always high-risk. AI that is a safety component of certain regulated products is high-risk too.

For example: A tool that ranks job applicants.

Transparency dutyArt. 50

A duty to tell people when AI is involved: that they are dealing with an AI system, that content was generated by AI, or that they are exposed to emotion recognition or biometric categorisation.

For example: A website chatbot that says it is an AI.

Fundamental rights impact assessment (FRIA)Art. 27

An assessment of how a high-risk AI system may affect people's fundamental rights, done before it is used. It applies to public bodies, private entities that provide public services, and users of AI for credit scoring or life and health insurance pricing.

For example: A bank assessing a credit-scoring tool before it goes live.

AI literacyArt. 4 (as replaced by Regulation (EU) 2026/1744)

Measures that support your staff, and others who work with AI on your behalf, in understanding the AI they use. They should fit people's knowledge and the context. The duty does not require guaranteeing a specific level for any individual.

For example: A short training and a written guide on how your team uses AI tools.

Not sure where you stand? Free EU AI Act check.